Redundancy and repetition, eternal punishment, all beautiful ways that the greeks learned to perfect punishment. Punishment and retribution were arts to the greeks, and they turned the most miserable of tasks into the most beautiful rituals and incantations.
Sisyphus, the king of Ephyra, is the celebrity in the middle of the punishment of redundancy. Punished for chronic decietfulness. Tricking Hades and chaining him up, the Gods threatened his life until Sisyphus finally let Hades go. Before Sisyphus died, he told his wife to throw his body into the river, and he ended up on the shore of the Styx river. Sisyphus complained to Persephone that his wife had disrespected him, and tricked Persephone into letting him back into the upper world to scold his wife. He returned the upper world and refused to go back to the under world, finally being dragged forcibly by Hades. Once back in the underworld, the Gods were pretty sick of his tricks and deceit, and doomed him to an eternity of rolling a large stone up a steep hill, and once he got to the top, the stone would fall back to the bottom, forcing Sisyphus to roll the stone back up the hill once more. His eternity was marked by useless efforts and and relentless frustration.
Tantalus, another greek character known for his eternal punishment of frustration, had a slightly different story. Initially invited to sit at Zeus' table in Olympus, he stole ambrosia and nectar and revealed the secrets of the Gods to his people. Tantalus also sacrificed his son, Pelops, and cut him up and boiled him into a soup for the Gods. The Gods, being alerted and repulsed by the contents of the meal, refused to eat, excluding Demeter who accidentally ate Pelops' shoulder. Pelops was eventually revived and rebuilt to be one of the most handsome members of Olympus, but eventually got thrown out because of Zeus' anger at Tantalus. Tantalus's punishment was an eternity with temptation but no satisfaction- he stood in a pool of water beneath a fruit tree. Every time he leaned down to get water, the water receded, and every time he reached up for fruit, the tree pulled back so he couldn't reach. An eternity of hunger and temptation, Tantalus spent his time in the underworld paying for his trickery.
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